{"id":10,"date":"2024-09-05T14:59:59","date_gmt":"2024-09-05T12:59:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antonov2.com\/?page_id=10"},"modified":"2024-10-15T15:08:41","modified_gmt":"2024-10-15T13:08:41","slug":"association-genairation-antonov","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/antonov2.com\/index.php\/association-genairation-antonov\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;avion"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10\" class=\"elementor elementor-10\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d73c3e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0d73c3e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83c70f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"83c70f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Son histoire<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03c0499 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"03c0499\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f4a3f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f4a3f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L&rsquo;ing\u00e9nieur a\u00e9ronautique Oleg ANTONOV d\u00e9marre l&rsquo;\u00e9tude d&rsquo;un appareil capable d&#8217;emporter une charge utile de 1.000 \u00e0 1.500 Kg vers les r\u00e9gions recul\u00e9es de l&rsquo;URSS d\u00e8s 1940 avec comme priorit\u00e9 le fait de pouvoir utiliser des surfaces tr\u00e8s courtes et que l&rsquo;appareil soit versatile: \u00e9pandage agricole, transport de passagers et de fret de grand volume gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une porte cargo, largage de parachutistes, &#8230;<\/p><p>Plusieurs prototypes sont \u00e9tudi\u00e9s et d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s conjointement, mais soit la faible disponibilit\u00e9 de moteurs adapt\u00e9s, soit des performances d\u00e9cevantes, obligent les autorit\u00e9s a\u00e9ronautiques \u00e0 n&rsquo;en retenir qu&rsquo;un seul: ce sera l&rsquo;An-2. Le premier exemplaire vit le jour au sortir de la guerre le 31 ao\u00fbt 1947, et, quoi qu&rsquo;en faible volume, la production d\u00e9marra rapidement en utilisant des composants d\u00e9j\u00e0 produits pour d&rsquo;autres appareils: train d\u2019atterrissage principal de l&rsquo;IL-2, roulette de queue du bombardier Tupolev TU-2, &#8230;<\/p><p>La production sera d\u00e9finitivement stopp\u00e9e en 1993 apr\u00e8s la fabrication de plus de 18.000 exemplaires.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccfe479 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ccfe479\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fcf38d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1fcf38d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e18a798 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e18a798\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ses performances<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c43618a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c43618a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Etudi\u00e9 d\u00e8s sa conception comme \u00ab\u00a0STOL\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Short Take-Off and Landing<\/em>), il devait \u00eatre capable de d\u00e9coller \u00e0 pleine charge, c&rsquo;est \u00e0 dire avec les pleins de carburant (1.200 litres) et une charge utile de 1.500 Kg, en moins de 300 m\u00e8tres sur des terrains non pr\u00e9par\u00e9s. La seule possibilit\u00e9 \u00e9tait de retenir le concept de biplan, d\u00e9j\u00e0 largement d\u00e9pass\u00e9 lors de sa conception.<\/p><p>L&rsquo;An-2 est \u00e9quip\u00e9 d&rsquo;un moteur Shvestov ASh-62IR, fabrication sous licence du moteur radial am\u00e9ricain Wright R-1820 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1930, de 1.000 chevaux et 30 litres de cylindr\u00e9e (1.820 in\u00b3). L&rsquo;h\u00e9lice quadripale en aluminium de 3,80 m de diam\u00e8tre est \u00e0 pas variable. On retiendra \u00e9galement la pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;un r\u00e9servoir d&rsquo;huile (min\u00e9rale pure 100 ou 120) de 120 litres.<\/p><p>La train\u00e9e engendr\u00e9e par la formule biplan ne joue pas en faveur de la vitesse de croisi\u00e8re qui s&rsquo;\u00e9tablit \u00e0 180 Km\/h, mais permet une vitesse d&rsquo;approche de 90 Km\/h avec les pleins volets et ainsi une distance d\u2019atterrissage publi\u00e9e au manuel de vol de -80 m- (quatre-vingt m\u00e8tres!), soit inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de nombreux ULM.<\/p><p>Le rayon d&rsquo;action de l&rsquo;An-2 est au maximum de 1.500 Km.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-910aa2b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"910aa2b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edfe24b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"edfe24b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-301ac1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"301ac1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ses anecdotes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-424db17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"424db17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Le Captain, assis en place gauche, dispose d&rsquo;un urinoir avec sortie directe sous le fuselage &#8230; il est fortement conseill\u00e9 de v\u00e9rifier que le conduit n&rsquo;est pas obstru\u00e9 avant toute utilisation. Il faut par ailleurs s&rsquo;attendre \u00e0 un message d&rsquo;alerte de la tour de contr\u00f4le lors de son utilisation au point d&rsquo;arr\u00eat avant le d\u00e9collage, car toute issue de liquide est par d\u00e9finition suspecte sur un a\u00e9ronef, surtout de cette taille!<\/li><li>C&rsquo;\u00e9tait jusqu\u2019\u00e0 encore r\u00e9cemment, le seul a\u00e9ronef \u00e0 moteur pistons \u00e0 \u00eatre bas\u00e9 toute l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e au del\u00e0 du cercle polaire. Tous les exemplaires produits\u00a0 \u00e9taient livr\u00e9s d&rsquo;origine avec un syst\u00e8me permettant de d\u00e9marrer le moteur malgr\u00e9 le fait que le bain d&rsquo;huile \u00e9tait fig\u00e9 par les temp\u00e9ratures n\u00e9gatives. Le syst\u00e8me permet de d\u00e9router du carburant dans le circuit d&rsquo;huile pour le re-fluidifier. Fum\u00e9e assur\u00e9e au d\u00e9marrage!<\/li><li>Pose d&rsquo;un Antonov 2 sur un iceberg en mars 1957 dans l\u2019Antarctique.<\/li><li>Le moteur d\u00e9marre habituellement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un volant d&rsquo;inertie lanc\u00e9 par moteur \u00e9lectrique situ\u00e9 dans le compartiment moteur. L&rsquo;avion devant \u00eatre enti\u00e8rement autonome m\u00eame dans les r\u00e9gions recul\u00e9es de Sib\u00e9rie, il est possible de le d\u00e9marrer depuis l\u2019habitacle gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une manivelle qui vient, tr\u00e8s lentement, mobiliser les masselottes du volant d&rsquo;inertie: un exercice particuli\u00e8rement physique.<\/li><li>L&rsquo;An-2 est le deuxi\u00e8me a\u00e9ronef le plus fabriqu\u00e9 de tous les temps en nombre d&rsquo;exemplaires, apr\u00e8s le Douglas Dakota DC-3 \/ C-47.<\/li><li>Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990, la version passagers des An-2, dite \u00ab\u00a0P\u00a0\u00bb, aura transport\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de 370 millions de personnes et plus de 9 millions de tonnes de cargo et de courrier.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-260d97d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"260d97d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTgsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9hbnRvbm92Mi5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA5XC9UQUpQXzIwMDQtMDctMjUtMTQ4LXNjYWxlZC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI0NjMxYWE4In0%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/antonov2.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TAJP_2004-07-25-148-scaled.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/antonov2.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TAJP_2004-07-25-148-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"8 sur 16\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"4631aa8\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTgyLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvYW50b25vdjIuY29tXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI0XC8wOVwvSU1HXzQ0MzMtMi1zY2FsZWQuanBlZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjQ2MzFhYTgifQ%3D%3D\" 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